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<div class="content fl mt10 mb10"> <div class="w660 fl mr10" id="w600"> <div class="zixun-detail mb10"> <div class="article">风电跃居第三大主力电源大量弃风暴露管理问题<br> <../div> <div style="text-align:center; line-height:24px; padding-bottom:10px;">http:../../www.chinafengji.net <span style="margin:0 15px;">2013-03-06 08:24:32<../span> <span class="red">机电商情网<../span><../div> <div class="lh24"><p> 　根据最新发布的中国电力企业联合会２０１２年全国电力工业年快报统计，２０１２年底中国风电并网总装机６０８３万千瓦，跃居世界第一；２０１２年风电发电量１００４亿千瓦时，超过核电发电量的９８２亿千瓦时。<br../> 　　这也是中国风电发电量首次超过核电，由此，风电已经成为继火电和水电之后的中国第三大主力电源。<br../> 　　尽管发展迅速，风电的利用效率并不高。作为衡量发电效率的重要指标，风电设备利用小时数２０１２年出现同比下降。<br../> 　　国家能源局数据显示，２０１２年，风电设备利用小时数全国平均为１８９０小时，较２０１１年下降３０小时。个别省（区）风电利用小时数下降到１４００小时左右，浪费了清洁能源和投资，加剧了环境矛盾。<br../> 　　国家能源局日前下发《关于做好２０１３年风电并网和消纳相关工作的通知》指出，随着中国风电装机快速增长，２０１２年部分地区弃风限电现象严重，全国弃风电量约２００亿千瓦时。<br../> 　　“弃风限电问题导致风电场运行经济性下降，２０１２年全国风电弃风限电造成的直接经济损失在１００亿元以上。”中国可再生能源学会风能专业委员会秘书长秦海岩说，如果按照目前的煤耗水平，２００亿千瓦时相当于６７８万吨标煤的损失。<br../> 　　秦海岩说，从地区上来看，限电最严重的是东北地区，黑龙江、吉林、辽宁以及内蒙古东部这些地区限电达到了将近１００亿千瓦时，约占全国总量的一半。<br../> 　　业内专家指出，大规模风电的消纳一直都是世界性难题，中国在这方面的问题更加突出。中国风资源集中、规模大，远离负荷中心，资源地市场规模小、难以就地消纳；风电本身具有波动性和间歇性等特点，风电并网需要配套建设调峰电源，而中国风电集中的“三北”（西北、华北、东北）地区电源结构单一，基本没有调峰能力。此外，跨区输电能力不足也是一个重要制约因素。<br../> 　　国家能源局在通知中指出，大量弃风限电暴露的是中国能源管理的问题。该通知明确提出，把风电利用率作为年度安排风电开发规模和项目布局的重要依据，风电运行情况好的地区可适当加快建设进度，风电利用率很低的地区在解决严重弃风问题之前原则上不再扩大风电建设规模。<br../> 　　根据《风电发展“十二五”规划》，到２０１５年并网装机总容量达到１亿千瓦，到２０２０年装机容量达到２亿千瓦。<br../> 　　就目前发展情况而言，风电累计装机加上国家能源局公布核准项目，从理论上讲，规划目标与具体实施项目已经对接，关键在于拟建项目是否能够全面落实并且顺利并网。<br../> 　　今年２月２７日，中国国家电网公司发布《关于做好分布式电源并网服务工作的意见》，承诺将包括风电在内的分布式电源并入国家电网，并提供优惠并网条件、加强配套电网建设，优化并网流程、简化并网手续、提高服务效率等。<br../> 　　此举无疑将解决风电并网难的发展瓶颈。然而，作为新兴产业，风电行业的成熟和技术的进步都需要以市场规模为基础的支撑。而要保持一定的增速和市场规模，则必须辅以完善的政策支持。<br../> <../p> <div class="mt30" style="text-align:right;"><a href="javascript:window.print();">【打印】<../a> <a href="javascript:window.close();" class="mr10 ml10">【关闭】<../a><../div> <../div> <div class="keyword">文章关键字： <a href="....../news../tag--1.html" 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